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Breast Reduction – What do you need to know

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Breast Reduction – What do you need to know

Breast reduction surgery, also known as reduction mammoplasty, is a procedure designed to decrease the size and reshape the breasts. This surgery is often chosen by individuals who experience physical discomfort (such as neck, back, and shoulder pain) or emotional distress due to overly large breasts.

This information sheet provides an overview of the procedure, what to expect before and after surgery, recovery tips, and potential risks.

What Is Breast Reduction Surgery?

Breast reduction surgery removes excess breast tissue, fat, and skin to create smaller, lighter, and more proportionate breasts. The procedure can help alleviate physical symptoms and improve overall body confidence.

Common Reasons for Breast Reduction:

  • Chronic neck, back, or shoulder pain
  • Skin irritation or rashes under the breasts
  • Difficulty finding well-fitting clothes or bras
  • Limited ability to participate in physical activities
  • Emotional discomfort or self-consciousness

1. How Is the Surgery Performed?

  • Anaesthesia: You will receive general anaesthesia, ensuring you are asleep and pain-free during the procedure.
  • Incisions: The surgeon makes incisions, often in an anchor shape—around the areola, vertically down to the breast crease, and along the crease.
  • Tissue Removal and Reshaping: Excess tissue, fat, and skin are removed. The remaining tissue is reshaped to create a natural breast contour.
  • Nipple-Areola Adjustment: If needed, the nipple and areola are repositioned to a higher, more youthful location.
  • Closing the Incisions: The incisions are carefully stitched, and in some cases, temporary drainage tubes may be placed to remove excess fluid.

2. Preparing for Your Surgery

  • Consultation: You’ll meet with your surgeon to discuss your goals, health history, and expectations.
  • Preoperative Tests: These may include breast measurements, photographs, and imaging (like mammograms).
  • Pre-Surgery Instructions: Your surgeon will provide specific guidelines about medications, fasting, and what to bring on the day of surgery.

Tip: Stop smoking at least 3 months before surgery as it can affect healing.

3. What to Expect on Surgery Day

  • You’ll check in at the hospital or surgical center.
  • A nurse will prepare you, and your anaesthetist will discuss the plan.
  • The procedure typically takes 3 to 4 hours, depending on complexity.
  • After surgery, you’ll wake up in a recovery area where the medical team will monitor you.

Most patients stay 1-2 nights before going home. 

4. Recovery After Surgery

Immediately After Surgery:

  • You may feel sore, swollen, and bruised.
  • Temporary drains may be in place to remove fluid.
  • You’ll wear a supportive surgical bra to minimize swelling and support healing.

Pain Management:

  • Mild to moderate discomfort is common, but it can be managed with pain medications.
  • Over-the-counter pain relief (e.g. paracetamol, or anti-inflammatory such as ibuprofen) are very useful. Sometimes stronger painkillers are required (e.g. tramadol, oxycodone, and tapentadol). 

Recovery Timeline:

  • Week 1-2 (Initial Recovery):
  • Swelling and bruising are common.
  • You may need time off work, depending on your job.
  • Follow-up appointment with your surgeon to check healing.
  • Weeks 3-4:
  • Gradually return to light activities.
  • Continue wearing your supportive bra.
  • 3 Months:
  • Avoid heavy lifting, intense exercise, or sports to allow proper healing.
  • Most swelling will have resolved.

Important: Everyone heals at their own pace. Follow your surgeon’s advice and attend all follow-up appointments.

5. Potential Risks and Complications

While breast reduction is generally safe, like all surgeries, it carries some risks:

  • Scarring: Permanent but often fades over time. Scars are usually hidden under clothing.
  • Changes in Sensation: Temporary or permanent changes in nipple or breast sensation.
  • Infection: Rare but can occur—antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent or treat infections.
  • Bleeding/Hematoma: Accumulation of blood under the skin (hematoma) may require additional procedures to drain the area. Prompt medical attention can help manage this risk effectively.
  • Delayed Wound Healing: Poor wound healing or skin loss can occur, especially in smokers or individuals with certain health conditions.
  • Nipple/Areola Ischemia and Necrosis: In rare cases, reduced blood flow to the nipple and areola can lead to tissue death (necrosis), potentially resulting in partial or complete loss of the nipple-areola complex. This risk is higher in smokers and individuals with certain medical conditions.
  • Asymmetry: Slight differences in breast size or shape may occur.
  • Breastfeeding Challenges: Some women may have difficulty breastfeeding after surgery. If you plan to have children, discuss this with your surgeon.

Discuss any specific concerns with your surgeon to understand your personal risks.

6. Long-Term Considerations

  • Breast Changes Over Time: Hormonal changes, pregnancy, weight fluctuations, and aging can affect breast size and shape.
  • Regrowth of Breast Tissue: Rare, but possible with significant weight gain or hormonal changes.
  • Emotional Impact: Many patients report improved self-confidence and relief from physical discomfort. However, it’s normal to have an adjustment period as your body heals.

Tips for a Smooth Recovery:

  • Follow all postoperative instructions carefully.
  • Wear your supportive bra as advised.
  • Avoid smoking to promote healing.
  • Stay hydrated and maintain a healthy diet.
  • Attend follow-up appointments to monitor your progress.

When to Call Your Surgeon:

  • Signs of infection: redness, warmth, pus, or fever
  • Severe or worsening pain not relieved by medication
  • Unusual swelling or bleeding
  • Shortness of breath or chest pain (seek emergency help immediately)

Final Thoughts

Breast reduction surgery can significantly improve your quality of life—relieving physical discomfort, enhancing mobility, and boosting self-confidence. Every patient’s journey is unique. Open communication with your surgeon is key to ensuring the best possible outcome.

Have questions? Always feel free to reach out to your surgeon for support.